数学之家

建站
数学爱好者的家园
 找回密码
 注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

数学之家» 数学之家 查看内容

文章内容

微分形式的外微分

发布者: castelu | 发布时间: 2017-11-8 23:09| 查看数: 1566| 评论数: 0|帖子模式

  对三维空间中各种微分形式$w^k$,可以定义它们的外微分$dw^k$:
$$dw^0=dF=\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}dy+\frac{\partial F}{\partial z}dz。$$
$$dw^1=dP \wedge dx+dQ \wedge dy+dR \wedge dz。$$
$$dw^2=dP \wedge dy \wedge dz+dQ \wedge dz \wedge dx+dR \wedge dx \wedge dy。$$
$$dw^3=dF \wedge dx \wedge dy \wedge dz。$$
  运用外积的运算律与性质,上述各式可化简为
$$dw^1=(\frac{\partial P}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}dy+\frac{\partial P}{\partial z}dz) \wedge dx+(\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial Q}{\partial y}dy+\frac{\partial Q}{\partial z}dz) \wedge dy+(\frac{\partial R}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial R}{\partial y}dy+\frac{\partial R}{\partial z}dz) \wedge dz$$
$$=\frac{\partial R}{\partial y}dy \wedge dz-\frac{\partial Q}{\partial z}dy \wedge dz+\frac{\partial P}{\partial z}dz \wedge dx-\frac{\partial R}{\partial x}dz \wedge dx+\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}dx \wedge dy-\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}dx \wedge dy$$
$$=(\frac{\partial R}{\partial y}dy-\frac{\partial Q}{\partial z})dy \wedge dz+(\frac{\partial P}{\partial z}dy-\frac{\partial R}{\partial x})dz \wedge dx+(\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}dy-\frac{\partial P}{\partial y})dx \wedge dy。$$
  同样可推得
$$dw^2=(\frac{\partial P}{\partial x}dy+\frac{\partial Q}{\partial y}+\frac{\partial R}{\partial z})dx \wedge dy \wedge dz,$$
$$dw^3=0。$$
  由此可见$k$($<3$)次微分形式的外微分是$k+1$次微分形式,但三次微分形式的外微分为零。

最新评论

QQ|网站统计|手机版|小黑屋|数学之家    

GMT+8, 2024-4-27 02:17 , Processed in 1.296875 second(s), 25 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.1

© 2001-2013 Comsenz Inc.

快速回复 返回顶部